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Pharmacokinetics of raltegravir in the semen of HIV-infected men
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Antiviral Therapy Feb 12 2014
Tony Antoniou, Mona R Loutfy, Jason Brunetta, Graham Smith, Roberta Halpenny, Charles la Porte
Abstract
Background: We sought to determine the pharmacokinetic disposition of raltegravir in the blood and seminal plasma of HIV-infected men.
Methods: We conducted a pharmacokinetic study using a staggered sampling approach. 16 HIV-infected men receiving raltegravir-based therapy were recruited into the study. Each participant provided six blood plasma and six seminal plasma samples for quantification of drug concentrations in both compartments. Blood and semen samples were obtained within 1 hour of each other, and were collected prior to the morning dose, and at 1, 2, 4, 8 and 12 hours post-ingestion. Drug concentrations were determined by liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry.
Results: A total of 96 semen samples and 96 blood samples were obtained from all participants during the study period. The median age and baseline CD4+ cell count of the study participants were 48 years (interquartile range 42 to 53 years) and 450 cells/mm3 (interquartile range 289 cells/mm3 to 585 cells/mm3). Virologic suppression to < 50 copies/mL had been maintained for a median of 21 months (interquartile range 7 to 35 months) at the time of study enrolment. The median seminal plasma to blood plasma ratios and AUC0-12h seminal plasma to blood plasma ratios of raltegravir were 3.25 (interquartile range 1.46 to 5.37) and 2.26 (interquartile range 1.05 to 4.45), respectively.
Conclusions: Concentrations of raltegravir in seminal plasma are several fold-higher than those attained in blood plasma and those required to inhibit viral replication in this compartment. Further research examining the therapeutic and prophylactic implications of these findings is warranted.
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