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Weightlifting & Aerobics Reduce
Mortality Independently, Together Better
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Independent and joint associations of weightlifting and aerobic activity with all-cause, cardiovascular disease and cancer mortality
• adults who reported at least recommended MVPA levels with weightlifting 1-2 times/week had 41% to 47% lower risk (eg, meets aerobic and 1-2 times/week, HR=0.59 (0.54 to 0.64)), compared with the common reference group of no aerobic or weightlifting exercise.
• Overall, adults who reported any weightlifting had a 9% lower all- cause mortality risk (HR=0.91 (95% CI 0.88 to 0.94); table 3) after adjustment for aerobic MVPA.
• Adults who reported weightlifting 1-2 times/week had 14% lower all- cause mortality.
Gorzelitz and colleagues found that working out with weights alone was linked to a 9% to 22% lower risk for all-cause mortality, varying based on frequency. It was also associated with a lower risk for CVD-related mortality (HR = 0.91; 95% CI, 0.86-0.97).
Engaging in aerobic physical activity, on the other hand, was associated with a 24% to 34% lower risk for all-cause mortality.
The best outcomes, however, were in those who reported engaging in both types of activity, with a 41% to 47% lower all-cause mortality risk.
Abstract
Objectives Both aerobic moderate to vigorous physical activity (MVPA) and muscle-strengthening exercise (MSE) are recommended, but the mortality benefits of weightlifting, a specific type of MSE, are limited.
Methods In the Prostate, Lung, Colorectal and Ovarian Cancer Screening Trial, we used Cox proportional hazards regression to calculate hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% CIs for the associations between weightlifting and mortality, adjusting for demographics, lifestyle and behavioural risk factors. The sample included 99 713 adults who completed the follow-up questionnaire that assessed weightlifting who were subsequently followed up through 2016 to determine mortality (median 9, IQR 7.6-10.6 years).
ResultsMean age at the follow-up questionnaire was 71.3 (IQR 66-76) years, 52.6% female, with mean body mass index of 27.8 (SD 4.9) kg/m2. Weightlifting was associated with a 9% lower risk of all-cause mortality (HR=0.91 (95% CI 0.88 to 0.94)) and CVD mortality (0.91 (95% CI 0.86 to 0.97)) after adjusting for MVPA. Joint models revealed that adults who met aerobic MVPA recommendations but did not weightlift had a 32% lower all-cause mortality risk (HR=0.68 (95% CI 0.65 to 0.70)), while those who also reported weightlifting 1-2 times/week had a 41% lower risk (HR=0.59 (95% CI 0.54 to 0.64)), both compared with adults reporting no aerobic MVPA or weightlifting. Without adjustment for MVPA, weightlifting was associated with lower cancer mortality (HR=0.85 (95% CI 0.80 to 0.91)).
Conclusion Weightlifting and MVPA were associated with a lower risk of all-cause and CVD mortality, but not cancer mortality. Adults who met recommended amounts of both types of exercise appeared to gain additional benefit.
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