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Merck's MK-0616, an Investigational Oral PCSK9 Inhibitor, Significantly Reduced LDL-C in Patients with Hypercholesterolemia in Phase 2b Study
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March 6, 2023 12:00 pm ET
MK-0616 was generally well tolerated and reduced LDL-C across all dose levels compared to placebo
Merck plans to start Phase 3 pivotal study in the second half of 2023
RAHWAY, N.J.--(BUSINESS WIRE)-- Merck (NYSE: MRK), known as MSD outside of the United States and Canada, today announced results from the Phase 2b clinical trial evaluating MK-0616, an investigational, once-daily oral proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 (PCSK9) inhibitor in adults with hypercholesterolemia. The primary objective of the study was to evaluate the percent change in low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) from baseline to week 8 for 4 doses of MK-0616 (6, 12, 18 and 30 mg) versus placebo. At week 8, all doses of MK-0616 significantly reduced LDL-C compared to placebo and the placebo-adjusted reduction from baseline ranged from 41.2% (6 mg, CI 95%, -47.8 to -34.7; p <0.001) to 60.9% (30 mg, 95% CI, -67.6 to -54.3; p<0.001). MK-0616 was generally well-tolerated at all 4 doses studied. These data were presented today at the American College of Cardiology's 72nd Annual Scientific Session together with World Congress of Cardiology (ACC.23/WCC) and simultaneously published in the Journal of The American College of Cardiology.
Inhibition of PCSK9 increases the removal of LDL-C from the bloodstream. MK-0616 is a macrocyclic peptide and is designed to lower LDL-C via the same biological mechanism as currently approved injectable PCSK9 inhibitors, but in a daily pill form. High LDL-C, if left untreated, can lead to a high risk of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) events, such as heart attacks and strokes.
"Despite widely available statin treatments, millions of patients are still not able to lower their cholesterol to the guideline-recommended levels and as a result are at increased risk for serious cardiovascular complications associated with atherosclerosis," said Dr. Christie M. Ballantyne, principal investigator of the study and Professor of Medicine at Baylor College of Medicine. "Currently available PCSK9 inhibitors are effective tools to treat hypercholesterolemia but must be administered by injection. With these promising data showing that MK-0616 reduced LDL-C levels by up to 60.9%, MK-0616 should be further studied for its potential as a daily oral medicine."
"These data reinforce our confidence that MK-0616 could become the first oral PCSK9 inhibitor, with the potential to change the way patients with hypercholesterolemia who need additional LDL-C reduction are treated. This may allow many more patients to reach their LDL-C treatment goals," said Dr. Joerg Koglin, vice president, global clinical development, Merck Research Laboratories. "We look forward to advancing this program into Phase 3 development in the second half of this year."
Additional data from the Phase 2b Study for MK-0616 (MK-0616-008)
MK-0616-008(NCT05261126) was a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, multi-center Phase 2b trial designed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of MK-0616 administered daily compared to placebo in adult participants with hypercholesterolemia and a broad spectrum of ASCVD risk. Participants were receiving a range of lipid-lowering therapies from no statin to high-intensity statin. The primary efficacy endpoint was the percent change in LDL-C from baseline to week 8. Supportive secondary endpoints (not multiplicity controlled) were percent change in apolipoprotein B-100 (ApoB) and in non-high-density lipoprotein-C (non-HDL-C) from baseline to week 8, and the proportion of participants who achieved protocol-defined LDL-C goals at week 8.
In total, 381 participants from age 18-80 with hypercholesterolemia with a moderate to high risk of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease were randomized 1:1:1:1:1 to receive MK-0616 at a dose of 6 mg (n=77), 12 mg (n=76), 18 mg (n=76), or 30 mg (n=76) or placebo (n=76) once daily. The study population consisted of 49% female, 66% White, 17% Asian and 6% Black/African American, and 40% Latino or Hispanic.
At week 8, all doses of MK-0616 significantly reduced LDL-C compared to placebo and the results were generally consistent across the prespecified subgroups. The LDL-C placebo-adjusted reduction from baseline were as follows for each of the four doses studied (p<0.001 for all doses): 6 mg, 41.2% (95% CI, -47.8, -34.7), 12 mg, 55.7% (95% CI, -62.3, -49.1), 18 mg, 59.1% (95% CI, -65.7, -52.5), and 30 mg, 60.9% (95% CI, -67.6, -54.3). Near-complete efficacy was achieved by week 2, with the effect persisting over the eight-week treatment period. At week 8, improvements in secondary endpoints were also observed for all MK-0616 dose arms: ApoB levels were reduced by 32.8% (6 mg) to 51.8% (30 mg), non-HDL-C levels were reduced by 35.9% (6 mg) to 55.8% (30 mg), and protocol-defined LDL-C goals were achieved by 80.5% (6 mg) to 90.8% of participants (30 mg) versus 9.3% on placebo.
MK-0616 was generally well-tolerated with no overall trends across treatment groups in discontinuation rates or adverse events at week 16. No serious adverse events that were considered by the investigator to be related to treatment with MK-0616 were reported.
About PCSK9 and MK-0616
PCSK9 plays a key role in cholesterol homeostasis by regulating levels of LDL receptors, which are responsible for the uptake of cholesterol into cells. Inhibition of PCSK9 prevents the interaction of PCSK9 with LDL receptors. This results in greater numbers of LDL receptors available on the cell surface to remove LDL cholesterol from the blood.
Discovered and developed by Merck, MK-0616 is an investigational, potentially first oral PCSK9 inhibitor designed to lower low density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol. MK-0616 is a macrocyclic peptide that binds to PCSK9 and inhibits the interaction of PCSK9 with LDL receptors.
About Hypercholesterolemia
Hypercholesterolemia, a disorder in which there are elevated LDL-C levels in the blood, affects approximately 73 million adults in the U.S. It is a major risk factor associated with ASCVD, which is the leading cause of death in the U.S. and globally. Despite adjusting diet and taking statin therapies, many patients with hypercholesterolemia are still not reaching their LDL-C lowering goals as recommended by guidelines.
Merck's Focus on Cardiovascular and Pulmonary Disease
Merck has a long history of developing treatments for cardiovascular disease. More than 60 years ago, we introduced our first cardiovascular therapy – and our scientific efforts to understand and treat cardiovascular-related disorders have continued. Cardiovascular disease continues to be one of the most serious health challenges of the 21st century. Approximately 18 million people across the globe die every year, and in the United States, one person dies every 36 seconds from cardiovascular disease.
Advancements in the treatment of cardiovascular disease can make a critical difference for patients around the world. At Merck, we strive for scientific excellence and innovation in all stages of research, from discovery through approval and life cycle management. We work with experts throughout the cardiovascular and pulmonary community to advance research that can help improve the lives of patients globally.
Information for other currently enrolling cardiovascular studies can be found by visiting: https://www.merckclinicaltrials.com/cardiovascular.
Link to full press release
https://www.merck.com/news/mercks-mk-0616-an-investigational-oral-pcsk9-inhibitor-significantly-reduced-ldl-c-in-patients-with-hypercholesterolemia-in-phase-2b-study/
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