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Neuropathogenesis of acute HIV: mechanisms, biomarkers, and therapeutic approaches, review
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Jia, Fangzhi (Frank)a,b,c; Brew, Bruce J.a,d
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Therapeutic considerations in view of HIV neuropathogenesis: Therapeutic strategies focus on reducing neuroinflammation via anti-inflammatory agents, enhancing ART penetration into the CNS, targeting latent reservoirs using latency-reversing agents and inhibiting transcriptional activity. Addressing these processes is crucial to prevent early neuronal injury and mitigate long-term cognitive decline associated with HIV infection......One key area of focus has been developing adjunctive therapies that specifically target immune activation and neuroinflammation. Anti-inflammatory agents, such as minocycline and statins, have shown limited benefit in reducing inflammation without consistent effect on cognitive outcomes [142-146]. A 2022 trial showed ruxolitinib, a Janus kinase (JAK) inhibitor, was well tolerated and significantly decreased markers of immune activation and cell survival in ART-treated PWH [147].
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