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3 studies report Hearing Loss in HIV is Worse
and Suggests that Aging Worsens Hearing
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Download the PDF here
Download the PDF here
Download the PDF here
Jules Levin, NATAP
"it appears that these individuals now will need long-term hearing care. All health-care professionals working with HIV+ individuals should be made aware of this association between HIV and hearing loss."
"Compared with HIV-negative individuals, the odds of hearing loss were higher among HIV-infected HAART-naive patients (right ear: odds ratio [OR], 6.7"
"The HIV+ adults had significantly poorer lower-frequency and higher-frequency hearing than HIV- adults....HPTA and LPTA were significantly higher (18%: estimated ratio, 1.18 [95% CI, 1.02-1.36]; P = .02; and 12%"
"No case series or cohort studies to date in the English literature have evaluated sudden sensorineural hearing loss (SSHL) in patients with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)....The risk of developing SSHL increased with HIV infection; an adjusted hazard ratio of 2.169 (95% CI, 1.071-4.391) was calculated using a Cox proportional hazards regression model. Among male patients, the incidence of developing SSHL was 2.23-fold higher"
pdfs attached
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Hearing Loss and HIV
A new study finds that HIV-positive adults are more likely to experience hearing loss, regardless of disease severity or treatment.
http://newscenter.sdsu.edu/sdsu_newscenter/news_story.aspx?sid=75372
Should be free access to these, if not let me know:
Hearing Loss Among HIV-Seropositive and HIV-Seronegative Men and Women
JAMA Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 2015
"The HIV+ adults had significantly poorer lower-frequency and higher-frequency hearing than HIV- adults. High-frequency hearing loss is consistent with an accelerated aging (presbycusis); low-frequency hearing loss in middle age is unexpected. Because some vowels and consonants have predominantly low-frequency acoustic energy, poor low-frequency hearing may impair communication in HIV+ individuals."
"To our knowledge, this is the first study to demonstrate that HIV+ individuals have poorer hearing across the frequency range after many other factors known to affect hearing have been controlled for. Whereas the early literature on possible hearing loss associations with diabetes34,35 tended to focus on specific frequency ranges (namely, higher frequencies), additional data from the follow-up studies have demonstrated hearing loss in both the low to middle and high-frequency range.36 The association reported by Bainbridge et al21between diabetes and higher audiometric thresholds across the frequency range based on the 1999 to 2004 US National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey was also investigated by Agrawal et al,37 who supported the association of diabetes, hypertension, and smoking with hearing loss at both high and low PTA frequency ranges. Although we do not understand the mechanism of hearing loss found in our study, our results suggest that HIV+ individuals may have physiologic changes that mimic other chronic conditions that affect hearing levels."
"Results HPTA and LPTA were significantly higher (18%: estimated ratio, 1.18 [95% CI, 1.02-1.36]; P = .02; and 12%: estimated ratio, 1.12 [95% CI, 1.00-1.26]; P = .05, respectively) for HIV+ participants compared with HIV- participants for the better ear. The direction of the effect was consistent across both the better and worse ears. There were no significant associations between HIV disease variables or treatment variables and LPTA or HPTA."
Effect of HIV Infection and Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy on Hearing Function: A Prospective Case-Control Study From Cameroon
JAMA Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 2015
"Conclusions and Relevance Hearing loss is more frequent in HIV-infected patients compared with uninfected patients. Therefore, HIV-infected patients need special audiologic care. Further studies are needed because controversy remains regarding the factors that lead to ear damage."
"Results The HIV-positive patients had more otologic symptoms (hearing loss, dizziness, tinnitus, and otalgia) than HIV-negative patients (41 vs 13, P = .04). There were 49 cases (27.2%) of hearing loss in the HIV-positive group vs 10 (5.6%) in the HIV-negative group (P = .04). Compared with HIV-negative individuals, the odds of hearing loss were higher among HIV-infected HAART-naive patients (right ear: odds ratio [OR], 6.7; 95% CI, 4.3-9.7; P = .004; left ear: OR, 6.2; 95% CI, 3.5-8.3; P = .006), patients receiving first-line HAART (right ear: OR, 5.6; 95% CI, 1.9-10.5; P = .01; left ear: OR, 12.5; 95% CI, 8.5-15.4; P < .001), and patients receiving second-line HAART (right ear: OR, 6.7; 95% CI, 3.3-9.6; P = .004; left ear: OR, 3.7; 95% CI, 3.0-5.0; P = .08).
Our results support the theory of the deleterious effects of HIV and HAART on hearing.....These results support the hypothesis that HIV-infected patients need monitoring of their hearing at all stages of the disease. Clinical and audiologic follow-up should be performed and appropriate measures taken as soon as possible when an ear symptom is reported.
Cameroonian population. We discovered that HIV-positive patients had poorer hearing on PTA than that of HIV-negative patients. The HIV-positive patients had significantly more symptoms of hearing loss, tinnitus, and dizziness and less chance than their HIV-negative counterparts to have normal hearing. However, when the HIV-positive subgroups were compared, no significant differences were found between them. The age, sex, CD4 cell count, and duration of HAART did not affect hearing."
Increased Risk of Sudden Sensorineural Hearing Loss in Patients With Human Immunodeficiency Virus Aged 18 to 35 Years: A Population-Based Cohort Study
JAMA Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 2013
Importance No case series or cohort studies to date in the English literature have evaluated sudden sensorineural hearing loss (SSHL) in patients with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV).
Objective To investigate the risk of developing SSHL in patients with HIV.
Results Among patients aged 18 to 35 years, the incidence of SSHL was 2.17-fold higher in the HIV group than in the control group (4.32 vs 1.99 per 10 000 person-years, P = .03). The risk of developing SSHL increased with HIV infection; an adjusted hazard ratio of 2.169 (95% CI, 1.071-4.391) was calculated using a Cox proportional hazards regression model. Among male patients, the incidence of developing SSHL was 2.23-fold higher (95% CI, 1.06-4.69) in the HIV group than in the control group. The incidence of SSHL did not differ significantly between the HIV group and the control group for patients 36 years or older.
Conclusion and Relevance Human immunodeficiency virus infection is significantly associated with an increased risk of developing SSHL in patients aged 18 to 35 years, particularly among male patients.
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HIV and Hearing Loss
http://www.audiology.org/news/hiv-and-hearing-loss
February 03, 2016 In the News
Several large-scale studies are consistently pointing toward an association between human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and hearing loss. Torre and his colleagues have recently reported HIV as a risk factor for hearing loss in children and adults. HIV-infected children have poorer hearing compared to HIV-unexposed but uninfected children as well as those who are perinatally exposed to HIV, but remain uninfected. HIV-infected adults also have poorer hearing compared to HIV-uninfected adults. Further, the magnitude of hearing loss seems to increase with the severity of HIV. Modern treatment approaches have converted HIV from a terminal to a chronic health condition. However, it appears that these individuals now will need long-term hearing care. All health-care professionals working with HIV+ individuals should be made aware of this association between HIV and hearing loss.
For Additional Information, see selected References
Chao C, Czechowicz JA, Messner AH, et al. (2012). High prevalence of hearing impairment in HIV-infected Peruvian children. Otolaryngol Head Neck Sur 146:259-265.
Luque A, Orlando M, Leong U, et al. (2014). Hearing function in patients living with HIV/AIDS. Ear Hear 35(6):e282-e290.
Maro I, Moshi N, Clavier O, et al. (2014). Auditory impairments in HIV-infected individuals in Tanzania. Ear Hear 35(3):306-317.
Taipale A, Pelkonen T, Taipale M, et al. (2011). Otorhinolaryngological findings and hearing in HIV-positive and HIV-negative children in a developing country. Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol 268:527-1532.
Torre III P, Cook A, Elliott, H, et al. (2015). Hearing assessment data in HIV infected and uninfected children of Cape Town, South Africa. AIDS Care. Advanced online publication. doi:10.1080/09540121.2015.1021746
Torre III P, Hoffman H, Springer G, et al. (2014). Cochlear function among HIV-seropositive and HIV-seronegative men and women. Ear Hear 35:56-62.
Torre III P, Hoffman H, Springer G, et al. (2015). Hearing loss among HIV-seropositive and HIV-seronegative men and women. JAMA Otolaryngol-Head Neck Surg 141(3):202-210.
Torre III P, Yao T, Zeldow B, et al. (2015). Distortion product otoacoustic emission data in perinatally HIV-infected and HIV-exposed but uninfected children and adolescents. Pediatr Infect Dis J 34(3):276-278.
Torre III P, Zeldow B, Hoffman HJ, et al. (2012). Hearing loss in perinatally HIV-infected and HIV-exposed but uninfected children and adolescents. Pediatr Infect Dis J 31:835-841.
van der Westhuizen Y, Swanepoel de W, Heinze B, et al. (2013). Auditory and otological manifestations in adults with HIV/AIDS. Int J Audiol 52:37-43.
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